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Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) — Leading the New Generation of Technological Transformation in Motorized Spindles

The motorized spindle is a core functional component of CNC machine tools. Its performance directly affects the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools and determines their production efficiency and yield rate. As the key and core of the motorized spindle drive system, the built-in spindle motor serves as an important power executive component of the drive system. Its performance directly influences critical technical indicators of CNC machine tools such as dynamic rigidity, machining accuracy, machining speed, vibration, and noise. Therefore, the motor has a significant impact on the machine tool’s performance, structural layout, and manufacturing cost.

Four Core Advantages of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM)

1. Compact Size & Light Weight

With the increasing application of high-performance permanent magnet materials in recent years, the power density of PMSMs has been significantly improved. Under the same volume, the output torque of a PMSM is approximately 1.7 times that of an induction motor.

2. Wide Speed Regulation Range

Thanks to its special structural design, the PMSM adopts a maximum torque/current control strategy during constant torque operation and a field-weakening control strategy during constant power operation. This achieves excellent speed regulation performance, successfully realizing a field-weakening speed range exceeding 5 times.

3. Small Rotor Inertia, High Acceleration & Superior Dynamic Performance

The PMSM features small rotor inertia, enabling high acceleration responses and excellent dynamic performance in real-time operation.

4. Strong Overload Capacity

The rotor of a PMSM operates without slip. During rigid machining processes, it avoids abnormal surface finish caused by speed fluctuations, ensuring stable machining quality.